لذیذ

لذیذ

نتایج (انگلیسی) 1:

Delicious

نتایج (انگلیسی) 2:

delicate

نتایج (انگلیسی) 3:

Studies showed that even before formal instruction, children can solve some arithmetic word problems by using informal solving strategies. The current study investigates the processes underlying the use of these informal strategies. We propose that the efficiency of the mental simulation of the encoded representation influences the difficulty of word problems and the use of formal solving strategies that reflect principle-based knowledge. Three experiments, two collective classroom experiments and a collection of verbal protocols, with 383 2 nd grade students, revealed that the cost of the mental simulation influenced the performance and solving strategies. Principle based strategies are dominant only on high cost mental simulation problems, reflecting a re-representation process. Theoretical and pedagogical implications are discussed.